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Contemplative Resistance: Nonduality, Nonattachment, and Endogenous Critique in Neoliberal Capitalism
Charles T. Lee
Arizona State University
This paper advances a political conception of contemplative praxis as a mode of resistance to neoliberal capitalism, grounded in nonduality, nonattachment, and endogenous critique. This conception resists the temptation of absolute purity that positions contemplative practices as either for or against neoliberal capitalism; instead, it situates them existentially within the neoliberal political economy, understanding them as intertwining capitalist and noncapitalist elements, as well as instrumental and noninstrumental orientations. The paper first critiques two routes of contemplative engagement in the transnational landscape of Buddhism: Humanistic Buddhism, which lacks a structural analysis of power inequity, and anti-capitalist Buddhism, which challenges capitalism but only through a binary-oppositional lens. Next, it proposes an endogenous and nondualistic understanding of contemplative resistance that empowers practitioners to “hold space” for ambivalent and paradoxical political possibilities. This approach enables practitioners to navigate life within capitalism, securing what they need for survival and well-being while negotiating, subverting, and redirecting two systemic effects of capitalism on minds and bodies: (1) alienation and “false consciousness” per Marx; and (2) docile bodies per Foucault. Lastly, the paper illustrates how this nonbinary and nonlinear form of contemplative resistance can be practiced within the intensely neoliberal environment of higher education.
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